Vanessa

Derby并不是一个新的数据库产品,它是由IBM捐献给Apache的DB项目的一个纯Java数据库,JDK6.0里面带的这个Derby的版本是10.2.1.7,支持存储过程和触发器;有两种运行模式,一种是作为嵌入式数据库,另一种是作为网络数据库,前者的数据库服务器和客户端都在同一个JVM里面运行,后者允许数据库服务器端和客户端不在同一个JVM里面,而且允许这两者在不同的物理机器上.值得注意的是JDK6里面的这个Derby支持JDK6的新特性JDBC 4.0规范(JSR 221),现在我们如果要练习JDBC的用法,没有必要单独装一个数据库产品了,直接用Derby就行.
下面是个使用derby的简单例子:
首先导入JAR包:derby.jar,如果你装的是JDK6,在C:\Program Files\Sun\JavaDB\lib目录下就可以找到.
然后就要创建数据库了:

private Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
		Connection connection = DriverManager
				.getConnection("jdbc:derby:userDB;create=true;user=test;password=test");
		connection.setAutoCommit(false);
		return connection;
	}

其中userDB是要连接数据库的名字,create=true表示如果该数据库不存在,则创建该数据库,如果数据库存在,则用用户user=test;密码password=test连接数据库.

有了数据库,接下来该建表了:

	private void createTable(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
		Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
	String sql = "create table USERS("
			+ "   ID                           BIGINT                       not null generated by default as identity,"
			+ "   USER_NAME            VARCHAR(20)            not null,"
			+ "   PASSWORD             VARCHAR(20),"
			+ "   constraint P_KEY_1 primary key (ID))";
	statement.execute(sql);

	sql = "create unique index USER_NAME_INDEX on USERS ("
			+ "   USER_NAME            ASC)";
	statement.execute(sql);

	statement.close();
}

创建了 USERS表,包括ID,USER_NAME,PASSWORD三个列,其中ID是主键,其中generated by default as identity 的作用类似sequence,identity是定义自动加一的列,
GENERATED BY ALWAYS AS IDENTITY
GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY
By always和by default是说明生成这个IDENTITY的方式。
By always是完全由系统自动生成。
by default是可以由用户来指定一个值。
编写与USERS表对应的javabean(这个就不多说了),:

public class User implements Serializable {
/**
 * 
 */
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private Long id;

private String userName;

private String password;

public Long getId() {
	return id;
}

public void setId(Long id) {
	this.id = id;
}

public String getUserName() {
	return userName;
}

public void setUserName(String userName) {
	this.userName = userName;
}

public String getPassword() {
	return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
	this.password = password;
}

}

接下来就可以就数据库进行增删改查的操作了:

插入数据:

private void create(User user) {
		Connection connection = null;
	try {
		connection = this.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement statement = connection
				.prepareStatement("insert into users (user_name,password) values(?,?)");

		int index = 1;
		statement.setString(index++, user.getUserName());
		statement.setString(index++, user.getPassword());

		statement.execute();

		user.setId(this.getId(connection));

		connection.commit();
	} catch (SQLException e) {
		rollback(connection);
		throw new RuntimeException(e);
	} finally {
		if (connection != null) {
			close(connection);
		}
	}
}

	private Long getId(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
		CallableStatement callableStatement = connection
				.prepareCall("values identity_val_local()");
	ResultSet resultSet = callableStatement.executeQuery();
	resultSet.next();
	Long id = resultSet.getLong(1);
	resultSet.close();
	callableStatement.close();
	return id;
}

getId方法是获得系统默认的id值,是通过identity_val_local()获得的,而函数IDENTITY_VAL_LOCAL()则可以在INSERT语句执行之后，为我们返回刚才系统为id所产生的值.感觉还是有点想sequence的curr_val.


修改数据:

private void update(User user) {
		Connection connection = null;
	try {
		connection = this.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement statement = connection
				.prepareStatement("update users set user_name=?,password=? where id=?");

		int index = 1;
		statement.setString(index++, user.getUserName());
		statement.setString(index++, user.getPassword());
		statement.setLong(index++, user.getId());

		statement.execute();

		connection.commit();
	} catch (SQLException e) {
		rollback(connection);
		throw new RuntimeException(e);
	} finally {
		if (connection != null) {
			close(connection);
		}
	}
}

删除数据:

public void delete(Long id) {
		Connection connection = null;
	try {
		connection = this.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement statement = connection
				.prepareStatement("delete from users where id=?");
		statement.setLong(1, id);
		statement.execute();
		connection.commit();
	} catch (SQLException e) {
		rollback(connection);
		throw new RuntimeException(e);
	} finally {
		if (connection != null) {
			close(connection);
		}
	}
}

查询数据:

	public User findById(Long id) {
		Connection connection = null;
	try {
		connection = this.getConnection();

		PreparedStatement statement = connection
				.prepareStatement("select user_name,password from users where id=?");
		statement.setLong(1, id);
		ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery();

		User user = null;

		if (resultSet.next()) {
			user = new User();
			user.setId(id);
			user.setUserName(resultSet.getString("user_name"));
			user.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));
		}

		resultSet.close();
		statement.close();
		connection.commit();
		return user;
	} catch (SQLException e) {
		throw new RuntimeException(e);
	} finally {
		if (connection != null) {
			close(connection);
		}
	}
}

以上就是derby的简单操作.

轉載：http://jarrywin.javaeye.com/blog/136828